4 March 2010
All Territorians are advised to step up their mosquito protection after recent heavy rains from the Top End to Central Australia.Director of the Centre for the Disease Control, Dr Vicki Krause, said the widespread heavy rainfall brings with it an increased risk of mosquito borne diseases.
"The most dangerous mosquito-borne disease is Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE), which is unique to the Northern Territory, from the north coast to Tennant Creek," Dr Krause said.
"Kunjin (KUN) virus disease is also found only in the Territory. Both MVE and KUN, as well as Ross River virus (RRV) and Barmah Forest virus (BFV) disease have an increased occurrence across the NT following heavy rainfall, cyclones and floods.
"The single best precaution is to avoid being bitten. Recognise and avoid areas that are prone to high biting activity.
"These include flooded areas as well as permanent water sources such as swamps, creeks, rivers or wetland areas," Dr Krause said.
Usual symptoms of MVE disease include severe headache, high fever, drowsiness, tremor and seizures - especially in young children - and in some cases the condition progresses to delirium and coma, leading to paralysis, brain damage or death.
Despite best care, 25 per cent of people die from the MVE infection, and at least 25 per cent will have residual neurological effects.
"Those most at risk of MVE are people with no prior exposure to the virus, including babies, young children, and tourists. However, cases have been reported in long-term residents of the Territory," Dr Krause said.
"People experiencing the early symptoms of MVE should seek urgent medical attention."
KUN virus disease is milder and usually non-lethal, causing fever and severe headaches.
Ross River or Barmah Forest virus may cause a wide range of symptoms, including painful or swollen joints, particularly in the hands, ankles and knees, and sore muscles, aching tendons, skin rash, fatigue, fever, headache and swollen lymph nodes. Symptoms can last from a few weeks or months, with some people experiencing symptoms up to 6 months.
The best way to avoid mosquito-borne disease?
"Take precautions and don't get bitten in the first place," Dr Krause said.
Additional information:
To prevent mosquito bites,Territorians are advised to:
- Avoid outdoor exposure around dusk and at night
- Use mosquito-proof accommodation and camping facilities at night
- Use a protective repellent containing 20 per cent DEET or picaridin, in combination with protective clothing
- Empty any receptacles that could collect or store water around the household, including tyres, pot plant drip trays and plastic sheeting
- Clear roof gutters.
If you are concerned you may have contracted a mosquito born virus, contact your local GP, health clinic, hospital or Centre for Disease Control.
